How can this energy be captured?

The methods of capturing solar energy are classified as direct or indirect:

Direct means there is only a transformation to a type of solar energy usable by man. Examples:

Solar energy reaches a photovoltaic cell creating electricity. (The conversion from photovoltaic cells is classified as direct, though the electricity generated will require new conversion - in luminous or mechanical energy, for example - to make himself useful.)

Solar energy reaches a dark surface and is transformed into heat, which heats a quantity of water, for instance - this principle is widely used in solar heaters.

Indirect means that there is more need for a transformation arising usable energy. Example, systems that automatically control blinds, according to the availability of light from the sun

Also classified into passive and active:

Passive systems are generally straightforward, although involved (sometimes) flows in convection, which is technically a conversion of heat into mechanical energy.

Active systems are systems that call for the aid of electrical devices, mechanical or chemical means to increase the effectiveness of collection. Indirect systems are often also active.